EIA: U.S.-Canada Energy Trade Falls 11% in 2025, to $137 Billion

The value of energy trade between the United States and Canada fell 11% in 2025, to $137 billion, according to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) published on August 5, 2026. Crude oil accounted for 69% of total value, at an average price of $69 per barrel, $11 less than in 2024.

The bilateral trade relationship is asymmetric: the U.S. imported $111 billion in energy from Canada and exported $26 billion. In electricity, integration is the structural component: according to the Canada Energy Regulator (CER), 86 international transmission lines connect Canadian provinces with U.S. states, and Canada supplied 81.3% of the electricity the U.S. imported in 2025. Canadian electricity exports totaled $3.3 billion, compared with $1.4 billion in imports from the U.S. Pipelines complement that network: Canada supplied close to 100% of the natural gas the U.S. imported. This exchange pattern is the reference point for reading grid integration across the rest of the continent, including the U.S.-Mexico border.

In natural gas, Canada exported 8.6 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) to the U.S., valued at $12.5 billion in 2025, not counting the LNG Canada liquefied natural gas (LNG) export project, which began operations in June 2025. Crude trade, by contrast, fell 16% in value to $94.7 billion, with U.S. imports of 3.9 million barrels per day (b/d). Refined products grew 2% in volume and fell 4% in value. Since March 6, 2025, Canadian energy exports to the U.S. have faced a 10% tariff, with a possible exemption for crude under USMCA; subsequent tariff measures exempted energy trade.

Despite the 10% tariff in effect since March 2025, the U.S. remained the primary destination for Canadian crude, according to the EIA, due to existing pipeline infrastructure. The CER's Market Snapshot series will continue to document bilateral trade, including electricity, which in 2025 totaled $3.3 billion in exports to the U.S.

This article was drafted with artificial intelligence assistance from verified sources and reviewed by a human editor before publication.